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norskBlar i forfatter "Bjørnerem, Åshild"
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Adding marrow adiposity and cortical porosity to femoral neck areal bone mineral density improves the discrimination of women with nonvertebral fractures from controls
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-18)Advancing age is accompanied by a reduction in bone formation and remodeling imbalance, which produces microstructural deterioration. This may be partly caused by a diversion of mesenchymal cells towards adipocytes rather than osteoblast lineage cells. We hypothesized that microstructural deterioration would be associated with an increased marrow adiposity, and each of these traits would be independently ... -
Are the Relationships of Lean Mass and Fat Mass With Bone Microarchitecture Causal or Due to Familial Confounders? A Novel Study of Adult Female Twin Pairs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-01)It is not known whether the relationships of lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) with bone microarchitecture and geometry are causal and/or are because of confounders, including familial confounders arising from genetic and environment effects shared by relatives. We tested the hypotheses that: (i) LM is associated with cortical bone traits, (ii) FM is associated with trabecular bone traits, and (iii) ... -
Bone Phenotyping Approaches in Human, Mice and Zebrafish – Expert Overview of the EU Cost Action GEMSTONE (“GEnomics of MusculoSkeletal traits TranslatiOnal NEtwork”)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-01) -
Bone trait ranking in the population is not established during antenatal growth but is robustly established in the first postnatal year
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-17)Efforts to understand the pathophysiology of bone fragility must focus on bone traits during growth. We hypothesized that variance in individual trait ranking in the population distribution is established by genetic factors and is reflected in foetal trait ranking in early pregnancy, but intrauterine factors modify trait ranking in late pregnancy, followed by the reinstating of this ranking during ... -
Determinants of trabecular bone score and prevalent vertebral fractures in women with fragility fractures: a cross-sectional sub-study of NoFRACT
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-21)<i>Summary</i> - Determinants of trabecular bone score (TBS) and vertebral fractures assessed semiquantitatively (SQ1–SQ3) were studied in 496 women with fragility fractures. TBS was associated with age, parental hip fracture, alcohol intake and BMD, not SQ1–SQ3 fractures. SQ1–SQ3 fractures were associated with age, prior fractures, and lumbar spine BMD, but not TBS.<p><p> <i>Introduction</i> ... -
Effect of a Fracture Liaison Service on the Rate of Subsequent Fracture Among Patients With a Fragility Fracture in the Norwegian Capture the Fracture Initiative (NoFRACT)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-07)<p><i>Importance</i>: Fragility fracture is a major health issue because of the accompanying morbidity, mortality, and financial cost. Despite the high cost to society and personal cost to affected individuals, secondary fracture prevention is suboptimal in Norway, mainly because most patients with osteoporotic fractures do not receive treatment with antiosteoporotic drugs after fracture ... -
The effect of maternal and paternal height and weight on antenatal, perinatal and postnatal morphology in sex-stratified analyses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-10)<i>Introduction</i> - Low birthweight is associated with diseases later in life. The mechanisms for these associations are not well known. If the hypothesis concerning “maternal constraint” is correct for humans, as shown in animal experiments, we expect the maternal, not paternal, body proportions to influence antenatal growth and those of both parents to influence postnatal growth. We aimed to ... -
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) based on cystatin C was associated with increased risk of hip and proximal humerus fractures in women and decreased risk of hip fracture in men, whereas eGFR based on creatinine was not associated with fracture risk in both sexes: The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-14)<i>Purpose</i> - Patients with end-stage kidney disease have an increased fracture risk. Whether mild to moderate reductions in kidney function is associated with increased fracture risk is uncertain. Results from previous studies may be confounded by muscle mass because of the use of creatinine-based estimates of the glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcre). We tested the hypothesis that lower eGFR ... -
External Validation of the Garvan Nomograms for Predicting Absolute Fracture Risk: The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014) -
Grip strength in men and women aged 50–79 years is associated with non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture during 15 years follow-up: The Tromsø Study 1994–1995
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-25)<p><i>Summary - </i>In 50–79-year-olds who participated in the Tromsø Study (1994–1995), the risk of non-vertebral osteoporotic fractures during 15 years follow-up increased by 22% in men and 9% in women per 1 SD lower grip strength. The strongest association was observed in men aged 50–64 years. <p><i>Introduction - </i>We aimed to explore whether low grip strength was associated with increased ... -
High prevalence of vertebral fractures and low trabecular bone score in patients with fragility fractures: A cross-sectional sub-study of NoFRACT
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-08)<p><i>Purpose - </i>Norway has among the highest incidence rates of fractures in the world. Vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) and trabecular bone score (TBS) provide information about fracture risk, but their importance have not been studied in Norwegian patients with fragility fractures. The objectives of this study were to examine the clinical characteristics of a cohort of women and men with ... -
Impact of Osteoporotic Fracture Type and Subsequent Fracture on Mortality: The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-26)<i>Summary</i> - Less is known about the impact of non-hip non-vertebral fractures (NHNV) on early death. This study demonstrated increased risk of dying following hip and NHNV fractures which was further increased by a subsequent fracture. This highlights the importance of early intervention to prevent both initial and subsequent fractures and improve survival.<p> <p><i>Introduction</i> - ... -
Increased cortical porosity and reduced cortical thickness of the proximal femur are associated with nonvertebral fracture independent of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool and Garvan estimates in postmenopausal women
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-25)The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) and Garvan Calculator have improved the individual prediction of fracture risk. However, additional bone measurements that might enhance the predictive ability of these tools are the subject of research. There is increasing interest in cortical parameters, especially cortical porosity. Neither FRAX nor Garvan include measurements of cortical architecture, ... -
Leisure time physical activity and risk of non-vertebral fracture in men and women aged 55 years and older : the Tromso Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)Our aim was to examine associations between leisure time physical activity and risk of non-vertebral fractures in men and women aged ≥55 years, with focus on the anatomical fracture location. Self-reported physical activity was registered in 3,450 men and 4,072 women aged 55–97 years at baseline in the Tromsø Study, Norway, in 1994–1995. Non-vertebral fractures were registered through December 31, ... -
Measurement of cortical porosity of the proximal femur improves identification of women with nonvertebral fragility fractures
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-16)Summary We tested whether cortical porosity of the proximal femur measured using StrAx1.0 software provides additional information to areal bone mineral density (aBMD) or Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) in differentiating women with and without fracture. Porosity was associated with fracture independent of aBMD and FRAX and identified additional women with fractures than by osteoporosis or ... -
Post-Fracture Risk Assessment: Target The Centrally Sited Fractures First! A Sub-Study of NoFRACT
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-16)The location of osteoporotic fragility fractures adds crucial information to post‐fracture risk estimation. Triaging patients according to fracture site for secondary fracture prevention can therefore be of interest to prioritize patients considering the high imminent fracture risk. The objectives of this cross‐sectional study were therefore to explore potential differences between central (vertebral, ... -
Prevalens av diabetes blant gravide og svangerskapsutfall i Nordland og Troms 2004-15
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-09)<i>BAKGRUNN</i> - Formålet var å undersøke prevalens av diabetes i svangerskapet og svangerskapsutfall hos kvinner med diabetes i svangerskapet i Nordland og Troms.<p> <p><i>MATERIALE OG METODE</i> - Vi inkluderte alle 1 067 kvinner med type 1-diabetes, type 2-diabetes og svangerskapsdiabetes blant 34 915 fødsler ved fire sykehus i Nordland og Troms fra 2004 til 2015. Prevalens av diabetes ble ... -
Serum parathyroid hormone is associated with increased cortical porosity of the inner transitional zone at the proximal femur in postmenopausal women: the Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-11-14)Summary:<br> Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) was associated with increased bone turnover markers and cortical porosity of the inner transitional zone at the proximal femur. These results suggest that PTH through increased intracortical bone turnover leads to trabecularisation of inner cortical bone in postmenopausal women. <p> Introduction: <br> Vitamin D deficiency leads to secondary ... -
Women with fracture, unidentified by FRAX, but identified by cortical porosity, have a set of characteristics that contribute to their increased fracture risk beyond high FRAX score and high cortical porosity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-25)The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) is widely used to identify individuals at increased risk for fracture. However, cortical porosity is associated with risk for fracture independent of FRAX and is reported to improve the net reclassification of fracture cases. We wanted to test the hypothesis that women with fracture who are unidentified by high FRAX score, but identified by high cortical ... -
Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower cortical porosity of the proximal femoral shaft using low-resolution CT than nondiabetic women, and increasing glucose is associated with reduced cortical porosity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-01)<p>Increased cortical porosity has been suggested as a possible factor increasing fracture propensity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is a paradox because cortical porosity is generally associated with high bone turnover, while bone turnover is reduced in patients with T2DM. We therefore wanted to test the hypothesis that women with T2DM have lower bone turnover markers (BTM) ...
